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|a 9783319730905
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|a Cliquet, Robert
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|a Evolution Science and Ethics in the Third Millennium
|b Challenges and Choices for Humankind
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|a Cham
|b Springer
|c 2018
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|a 1 Online-Ressource (545 pages)
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|a Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Setting the Stage for Reflecting on a Universal Morality -- Abstract -- 1.1 Evolution Science -- 1.1.1 The Darwinian Revolution -- 1.1.2 The Modern Evolutionary Synthesis -- 1.1.3 The Molecular-Genetic Revolution -- 1.1.4 The Second Darwinian Revolution -- 1.2 The Hominisation Process -- 1.3 The Modernisation Process -- 1.4 Confronting Hominisation with Modernisation -- 1.5 The Time Dimension: The Third Millennium -- 2 Origin and Evolution of Morality -- Abstract -- 2.1 Evolutionary Mechanisms Producing Predispositions to Morality -- 2.1.1 Mutation -- 2.1.1.1 Genetic Mutation -- 2.1.1.2 Cultural Mutants -- 2.1.2 Selection -- 2.1.2.1 Natural Selection -- 2.1.2.2 Cultural Selection -- 2.1.2.3 Social Selection -- 2.1.2.4 Sexual Selection -- 2.1.2.5 Kin Selection -- 2.1.2.6 Reciprocity Selection -- 2.1.2.7 Coercive Selection -- 2.1.2.8 Group Selection -- 2.1.3 Migration -- 2.1.4 Genetic and Cultural Drift -- 2.1.5 Partner Choice -- 2.2 Evolutionary Background of Morality -- 2.2.1 A Brief Review of Evolutionary Ethics Theory -- 2.2.1.1 The Is/Ought Question and the Naturalistic Fallacy -- 2.2.1.2 The Darwinian and Spencerian Beginnings of Evolutionary Ethics -- 2.2.1.3 The New Evolutionary Ethics Following the Development of the Neo-Darwinian Evolutionary Synthesis -- 2.2.1.4 The Latest Revision of the Evolutionary Ethics Theory Inspired by the Second Darwinian Revolution -- 2.2.1.5 Continuity, Refinement, but Persisting Discordance About Evolutionary Ethics -- 2.2.2 Biological Bases of Morality: Natural Needs and Drives -- 2.2.2.1 Individual Ontogenetic Development -- 2.2.2.2 Sociality -- 2.2.2.3 Reproduction -- 2.2.2.4 Competition Between Natural Needs and Drives -- 2.2.3 Evolutionary Causes of Human Morality -- 2.2.3.1 The Shift from Instinctive to Conscious Behaviour
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|a 2.2.3.2 The Increasing Prematurity of Hominin New-Borns and Enduring Dependency of Infants and Juveniles -- 2.2.3.3 The Development of Human Sociality Extending Beyond the Family -- 2.2.4 Major Stages in the Evolution and Historical Development of Morality and Content of Moral Systems -- 2.2.4.1 The Major Evolutionary Changes in the Dispositions of Moral Senses, Moral Learning and Moral Reasoning -- 2.2.4.2 Major Stages in the Historical Development of Morality -- 2.2.4.3 Major Temporal Changes in the Contents of Moral Systems -- 2.2.4.4 Selfishness and Selflessness in the Evolution of Morality -- 2.2.5 Biological Determinants of Moral Behaviour -- 2.2.5.1 Genetic Determinants of Moral Behaviour -- 2.2.5.2 Neurological Determinants of Moral Behaviour -- 2.2.6 Why Variability in Moral Behaviour? -- 2.2.7 Moral Ambiguity of the Evolutionary Mechanism -- 3 Adaptive and Maladaptive Features of Religious Beliefs as Sources of Morality -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Notions and Concepts -- 3.2.1 Religion -- 3.2.2 God -- 3.2.3 Religiosity -- 3.2.4 Spirituality -- 3.2.5 Relations Between Religiosity, Spirituality and Morality -- 3.3 Origin and Evolution of Religion/Religiosity/Spirituality -- 3.3.1 Earliest Signs of Religion/Religiosity/Spirituality -- 3.3.2 Kinship-Based/Tribal Religions -- 3.3.3 Organised or World Religions -- 3.3.3.1 Judaism -- 3.3.3.2 Christianity -- 3.3.3.3 Islam -- 3.4 Some Anthropological Questions and Paradoxes About Religions as Sources of Morality -- 3.5 Biological Determinants of Religiosity and Spirituality -- 3.5.1 Genetics of Religiosity and Spirituality -- 3.5.1.1 Heritability -- 3.5.1.2 Molecular Genetics -- 3.5.2 Neurological Basis of Religiosity and Spirituality -- 3.6 Evolutionary Advantages and Disadvantages of Religion -- 3.6.1 Proximate Advantages of Religion in the Pre-scientific Era
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|a 3.6.1.1 Understanding and Explaining the Facts of Life and Death -- 3.6.1.2 Mastering the Events of Life and Death -- 3.6.1.3 Promoting Social Cohesion and Cooperation -- 3.6.1.4 Reinforcing the Social Dominance of the Leadership -- 3.6.2 Ultimate Advantages of Religion in the Pre-scientific Era -- 3.6.3 Place of Religious Beliefs and Religions in Modernisation -- 3.6.3.1 Advantageous Religious Spillovers in Modernity -- 3.6.3.2 Disadvantageous Effects of Religious Beliefs in Modernity -- 3.6.4 Is God Redundant? -- 3.7 Science and Religion -- 3.7.1 Creationism, Creation Science and Intelligent Design -- 3.7.1.1 Creationism and Neo-creationism in the United States -- 3.7.1.2 Creationism Goes Global -- 3.7.1.3 Why Persistent and Even Expanding Creationism? -- 3.7.2 Challenges for Replacing Religion by Science as the Source of Morality -- 4 Challenges of Major Secular Ideologies -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.1.1 Secularisation -- 4.1.2 Atheism -- 4.2 The Major Secular Ideologies of Modernity -- 4.2.1 Liberalism -- 4.2.1.1 Capitalism -- 4.2.2 Socialism -- 4.2.2.1 Marxism-Leninism -- 4.2.2.2 Reformist Socialism -- 4.2.3 Feminism -- 4.2.3.1 Biosocial Obstacles to Sex Emancipation -- 4.2.3.2 Biosocial Opportunities for Sex Emancipation in Modernity -- 4.2.3.3 Biosocial Challenges to Feminism -- 4.2.4 Nationalism -- 4.2.4.1 Emancipatory Nationalism -- 4.2.4.2 Imperialistic Nationalism -- 4.2.5 Humanism -- 4.2.6 Ecologism -- 4.3 Constraints of Secular Ideologies as Sources of Universal Morality -- 4.3.1 The Fragmented Nature of Secular Ideologies -- 4.3.2 The Short-Term Approach of Secular Ideologies -- 4.3.3 The Macro-level Approach of Secular Ideologies -- 5 Evolution-Based Universal Morality -- Abstract -- 5.1 Need for a Universal and Inclusive Morality -- 5.2 Rationale for Evolution-Based Ethical Choices
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|a 5.3 Evolution-Based General Ethical Pursuits -- 5.3.1 Ethical Prerequirements -- 5.3.1.1 Ecological Sustainability -- 5.3.1.2 The Enhancement of the Modernisation Process -- 5.3.2 The Main Aim: The Phylogenetic Enhancement of the Hominisation Process -- 5.3.2.1 Human Extinction: Possible but Avoidable Future -- 5.3.2.2 Evolutionary Regression: Possible but Undesirable Future -- 5.3.2.3 Evolutionary Stabilisation: A Conservative Illusion -- 5.3.2.4 Evolutionary Progression: The Sensible Option -- 5.3.3 General Ethical Derivations from a Progressing Hominisation -- 5.3.3.1 The Ontogenetic Development of Human-Specific Potentialities -- 5.3.3.2 The Promotion of Quality of Life -- 5.3.3.3 The Promotion of Equity -- 5.3.3.4 The Shift from Competitive Towards Cooperative Efforts -- 5.3.3.5 The Promotion of Universalism -- 5.4 Evolutionary-Based Specific Ethical Challenges Related to Sources of Biological Variability -- 6 Evolution-Based Ethical Challenges Related to Individual Variability -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Age Variability -- 6.2.1 Evolutionary Background of Growth and Senescence -- 6.2.1.1 Growth -- 6.2.1.2 Senescence -- 6.2.2 Developments in Modernity Regarding Age Variability -- 6.2.2.1 Growth -- 6.2.2.2 Senescence -- 6.2.3 Ethical Reflections Regarding Age Variability in Modernity -- 6.2.3.1 Bridging the Gap Between Biological Maturation and Social Maturity -- 6.2.3.2 Overcoming Ageism/Promoting Active Ageing -- 6.2.3.3 Reaching the Species-Specific Lifespan in Good Health -- 6.2.3.4 Managing the Dying Process -- 6.2.3.5 Increasing the Human Species-Specific Lifespan Potential? -- 6.3 Sex Variability -- 6.3.1 Evolutionary Background of Sex Variability -- 6.3.1.1 Specificity of Human Sexuality -- 6.3.1.2 The Origin and Evolution of Love -- 6.3.1.3 Evolution of Sexual Deviations -- 6.3.2 Changes of Sex Relations in Modernity
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|a 6.3.2.1 Gradual Shift from Women's Subordination to Women's Empowerment -- 6.3.2.2 Progressive Shift to More Sexual Equality -- 6.3.2.3 Steady Shift from Sexual Repression to Sexual Emancipation -- 6.3.2.4 Moderate Shift from Sexual Abuse to Sexual Safety -- 6.3.2.5 Demographic Shift from Life-Long to Serial Monogamy -- 6.3.2.6 Modest Shift from Homophobia to Homophilia -- 6.3.3 Ethical Reflections Regarding Sex Variability in Modernity -- 6.3.3.1 Furthering Sexual Emancipation -- 6.3.3.2 Establishing Sex Equality and Enhancing Women's Empowerment -- 6.3.3.3 Securing Sexual Safety -- 6.3.3.4 Promoting Quality Sexual Relations -- 6.4 Individual Variability in General -- 6.4.1 Evolutionary Background of Individual Variability -- 6.4.1.1 Evolutionary Importance of Individual Variability -- 6.4.1.2 Adaptive and Maladaptive Value of Self-oriented Drives in the Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness -- 6.4.2 Developments in Modernity Regarding Individual Variability -- 6.4.2.1 General Individual Variability in Modernity -- 6.4.2.2 Well-Adapted and Maladapted Features in Modernity -- 6.4.2.3 Individuality Versus Individualism -- 6.4.3 Ethical Reflections Regarding Individual Variability -- 6.4.3.1 Maintenance of Genetic Variability -- 6.4.3.2 Phenotypic Enhancement of Human-Specific Potentialities -- 6.4.3.3 Prevention, Suppression, or Transformation of Maladaptive Traits -- 6.4.3.4 Fostering Equal Opportunities -- 6.4.3.5 Promotion of Individuality, not Individualism -- 6.5 Interpersonal Relations -- 6.5.1 Evolutionary Background of Interpersonal Relations -- 6.5.1.1 Competition Theory -- 6.5.1.2 Cooperation Theory -- 6.5.1.3 Competition/Cooperation Balance -- 6.5.1.4 Evolutionary Causes of Antisocial Behaviour -- 6.5.2 Interpersonal Relations in Modernity -- 6.5.2.1 Competition and Cooperation in Modernity -- 6.5.2.2 Antisocial Behaviour in Modernity
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|a 6.5.3 Ethical Reflections Regarding Interpersonal Relations
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| 601 |
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|a Millennium
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| 601 |
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|a Challenger
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| 650 |
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|a Ethics, Evolutionary-History
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| 700 |
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|a Avramov, Dragana
|4 oth
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|a Cliquet, Robert
|t Evolution Science and Ethics in the Third Millennium : Challenges and Choices for Humankind
|d Cham : Springer,c2018
|z 9783319730899
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| 856 |
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