Islam und šarī‘a in den Verfassungen der arabischen Länder
In the middle of the 19th century constitutions on a western model were imposed on some areas of North Africa and Middle East. With the development of the nation- states and the overcoming of colonial structures, the majority of Arabic countries have assumed, after 1945, constitutions or constitutio...
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | German |
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| Published: |
Diagonal-Verlag
2012
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| In: |
Zeitschrift für Religionswissenschaft
Year: 1998, Volume: 6, Issue: 1, Pages: 3-22 |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (Verlag) |
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| 520 | |a In the middle of the 19th century constitutions on a western model were imposed on some areas of North Africa and Middle East. With the development of the nation- states and the overcoming of colonial structures, the majority of Arabic countries have assumed, after 1945, constitutions or constitution-like documents as their highest legal authority. Islamic scholars try to recognise the shari'a and sources from the formative-period of the Islamic religion (e. g. the so-called »Constitution of Medina«) as the bias for such laws. The constitutions or basic laws of the Arab countries can hardly be compared regarding their form and content. Religious factors account for these differences only to a certain degree. In addition, political, social, cultural and not least dynastic factors play an important role. Islam and sharï'a are reflected in Arabic constitutions above all in following elements: 1. Islam as state-religion; 2. Islam as the »source of legislation«; and 3. Islamic details of legislative, executive and judicial powers. | ||
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