Eucharistic Love in The Merchant of Venice
The article considers the ambiguous characterizations of The Merchant of Venice in light of Protestant and Catholic interpretations of the Eucharist, and raises implications for masculine gender construction in the opposition between Jewish and Christian cultural and theological perspectives. The ar...
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | English |
| Check availability: | HBZ Gateway |
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| Published: |
Iter Press
[2015]
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| In: |
Renaissance and reformation
Year: 2015, Volume: 38, Issue: 1, Pages: 83-116 |
| RelBib Classification: | BH Judaism CD Christianity and Culture KAG Church history 1500-1648; Reformation; humanism; Renaissance KBF British Isles NBE Anthropology NBP Sacramentology; sacraments NCF Sexual ethics |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (Verlag) |
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| 520 | |a The article considers the ambiguous characterizations of The Merchant of Venice in light of Protestant and Catholic interpretations of the Eucharist, and raises implications for masculine gender construction in the opposition between Jewish and Christian cultural and theological perspectives. The argument focuses on the character of Antonio, whose masochistic self-sacrifice distorts Paul's theology of grace. The homoerotic element in Antonio's drive toward self-sacrifice is crucial in the play's disruption of orthodox theological positions, and the waning tradition of homoerotic amity evoked by the playwright is related to the connection between amity and Eucharistic theory suggested in the Catholic Thomas Wright's commentaries on the Sacrament, contemporaneous with the play. Shylock's independent masculinity, not his effeminacy, ultimately operates as the real source of anxiety for the play's Christian men, and the narrowing of Christian atonement to the romantic self-interest and masochism of the repressed Antonio contributes to The Merchant's key suggestion that masculine identity remains dependent on the necessary and rigorous self-discipline imposed by the lawtheological, moral, and sexual. The play thus implicitly addresses challenges posed by a theology of grace to the process of masculine self-fashioning in the social context of the Reformation. | ||
| 520 | |a Cet article examine du Merchant of Venice du point de vue des interprétations protestantes et catholiques de l'Eucharistie, et soulève des questions au niveau de la construction du genre masculin dans l'opposition des perspectives culturelles et théologiques juives et chrétiennes. La discussion se penche en particulier sur le cas du personnage d'Antonio, dont l'auto-sacrifice masochiste offre une image déformée de la théologie de la grâce de saint Paul. L'élément homo-érotique de l'attirance d'Antonio pour ce sacrifice est central dans la rupture avec l'orthodoxie théologique de la pièce. On observe par ailleurs un lien entre la tradition déclinante de l'amitié homo-érotique évoquée par l'auteur de la pièce et le rapport proposé à la même époque entre l'amitié et la théorie eucharistique par le catholique Thomas Wright dans ses commentaires des sacrements. La masculinité indépendante de Shylock, et non son caractère efféminé, devient éventuellement la principale source d'angoisse chez les hommes chrétiens de la pièce. La réduction de l'expiation chrétienne à l'intérêt romantique pour lui-même et le masochisme qu'éprouve un Antonio renfermé contribue à ce que le message du Merchant est sans doute que l'identité masculine demeure dépendante d'une auto-discipline nécessaire et rigoureuse imposée par la « loi », théologique, morale et sexuelle. La pièce traite donc indirectement des défis que pose la théologie de la grâce au processus de l'identification masculine dans le contexte social de la Réforme. | ||
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