Les problèmes d'adaptation en Islam: Religion et société industrielle dans les pays mahométans
Profound changes in politics, the structure of internal affairs and culture during recent decades have led inside Islam to the problem of the "Aggiornamento" the adjustment to a knowledge of the demands of the times and the adaptation and practice of religion in a new industrial milieu ...
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | French |
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| Published: |
Sage
[1967]
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| In: |
Social compass
Year: 1967, Volume: 14, Issue: 4, Pages: 273-283 |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (Resolving-System) Volltext (doi) |
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| 520 | |a Profound changes in politics, the structure of internal affairs and culture during recent decades have led inside Islam to the problem of the "Aggiornamento" the adjustment to a knowledge of the demands of the times and the adaptation and practice of religion in a new industrial milieu in a way similar to what happened within the Catholic Church. The charismatic period of primitive Islam is recalled. In Egypt especially, which is the centre of efforts at reform, the connection between Socialism and Islam is a point of interest. Political factors (Colonialism) and matters of domestic economy did not result for Islam, as they frequently did for Christian Europe, in a conflict between the political demands of the working class and religious allegiances. One can speak of Islam as "system neutral". At the same time there is taking place, to use Bultmann's terminology, a "demythologising". The teachings of the Koran are explained in terms of modern thought and the traditional exposition of them is criticised. The old mysticism and asceticism still survive alongside this rationalism, together with the forms of their degeneration. A particular tendency is the close connection between Sufism and Pantheism observable today in Iraq and Persia. The Muslim Brotherhood can be held up as an example of a political offshoot of Sufism. The picture of Islam which the European has is even today stamped with prejudices dating back to the time of the Crusades, whereas Islam has in its favour, by reason of its recognition of the New Testament as valid revelation, a certain tolerance with regard to Christ which formerly was only broken with for purely political motives. Various problems of adjustment reveal themselves in situations of everyday life; co-education for men and women in schools, the form in which prayer shonld be performed here one discerns even stronger resistance of Orthodoxy. But efforts will be made during the transitiou to a mass society to prevent the kind of friction and estrangement between Church and State which took place in 19th century Europe. Islam could, through adjustment to modern life, win a new missionary attractiveness, especially among the peoples of Central Africa. | ||
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