The god-faculty dilemma: challenges for reformed epistemology in the light of cognitive science

Reformed epistemology (RE) involves a view of knowledge of God which Kelly James Clark and Justin Barrett have brought cognitive science to bear on. They argue that the cognitive science of religion (CSR) indicates that we have a ‘god-faculty’, a notion employed by Alvin Plantinga. Plantinga contend...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Kvandal, Halvor (Author)
Format: Electronic Article
Language:English
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Published: Taylor & Francis 2020
In: International journal of philosophy and theology
Year: 2020, Volume: 81, Issue: 4, Pages: 404-422
Standardized Subjects / Keyword chains:B Cognitive science / Religion / Rationality / God
RelBib Classification:AE Psychology of religion
CF Christianity and Science
NBC Doctrine of God
Further subjects:B Cognitive Science
B HADD
B Evolution
B God
B Reformed Epistemology
B Debunking
Online Access: Volltext (kostenfrei)

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520 |a Reformed epistemology (RE) involves a view of knowledge of God which Kelly James Clark and Justin Barrett have brought cognitive science to bear on. They argue that the cognitive science of religion (CSR) indicates that we have a ‘god-faculty’, a notion employed by Alvin Plantinga. Plantinga contends that if there is a God, then we have a specialized god-faculty. Clark and Barrett, by contrast, focus on the empirical evidence and point to a different, less specialized faculty. This difference is significant for how RE and CSR relate. The paper argues that a dilemma arises for those who bring RE and CSR together. A choice must be made between two interpretations of the god-faculty. ‘God-faculty 1ʹ is a specialized system for forming theistic beliefs. Findings in CSR indicate that there is no such system. ‘God-faculty 2ʹ is an unrefined tendency to form beliefs in superhuman agents. This thesis has empirical support in CSR. However, this faculty is unable to deliver the epistemic goods needed for the immediate, non-inferential knowledge of God RE describes. This shows that those who combine central contentions in RE with current research in CSR face a dilemma from which it is hard to escape. 
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