Performative secularism: school-sponsored prayer in China's national college entrance exam
This article examines the role of religion in China’s National College Entrance Exam, the Gaokao. In Chinese schools, religion is officially banned and branded superstition. But some Gaokao-preparatory high schools sponsor pilgrimages to pray for exam success, invite ritualists to exorcize ghosts, a...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Format: | Electronic Article |
Language: | English |
Check availability: | HBZ Gateway |
Journals Online & Print: | |
Fernleihe: | Fernleihe für die Fachinformationsdienste |
Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2022
|
In: |
Critical Asian studies
Year: 2022, Volume: 54, Issue: 3, Pages: 441-469 |
Further subjects: | B
Pupil
B Laicism B Religious practice B Social behavior B China B Religion B College student B Performance measurement B Religious policy |
Online Access: |
Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) |
MARC
LEADER | 00000caa a2200000 4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | 1816635626 | ||
003 | DE-627 | ||
005 | 20231219061852.0 | ||
007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
008 | 220914s2022 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
024 | 7 | |a 10.1080/14672715.2022.2099439 |2 doi | |
035 | |a (DE-627)1816635626 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)KXP1816635626 | ||
040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rda | ||
041 | |a eng | ||
084 | |a RI03.03 |2 fivr | ||
084 | |a SG04 |2 fivs | ||
084 | |a SG09 |2 fivs | ||
084 | |a 0 |2 ssgn | ||
100 | 1 | |e VerfasserIn |0 (DE-588)1235157385 |0 (DE-627)1760209740 |4 aut |a Howlett, Zachary M. | |
109 | |a Howlett, Zachary M. | ||
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Performative secularism |b school-sponsored prayer in China's national college entrance exam |c Zachary M. Howlett |
264 | 1 | |c 2022 | |
336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |a Computermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |a Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
520 | |a This article examines the role of religion in China’s National College Entrance Exam, the Gaokao. In Chinese schools, religion is officially banned and branded superstition. But some Gaokao-preparatory high schools sponsor pilgrimages to pray for exam success, invite ritualists to exorcize ghosts, and tolerate discussions of karmic merit, euphemistically termed “character” (renpin). Based on two years of ethnographic fieldwork in rural and urban schools in Fujian Province, this article argues that such practices help people maintain self-efficacy while revealing secularism to be a performance. Hypercompetition in the post-Mao era (1977–present) has created a perceived disconnect between effort and reward, and to restore that balance, people appeal to local gods and cosmic reciprocity. But elites must pay deference to secular ideals while quietly pursuing local practices in what sociologist Erving Goffman terms the backstage. Such Janus-faced obeisance has analogs in the imperial era. By analyzing secularism as a performance with early modern genealogies, this article advances understanding of Chinese regime legitimacy, adds to ethnographies of secularism’s lived experience in Asia, and helps to account for why popular religion continues to flourish despite more than a century of suppression. (Crit Asian Stud/GIGA) | ||
601 | |a Performance | ||
650 | 0 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4049416-0 |0 (DE-627)106187104 |0 (DE-576)209081961 |a Religionspolitik |2 gnd |
650 | 0 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4055903-8 |0 (DE-627)106156454 |0 (DE-576)209115866 |a Sozialverhalten |2 gnd |
650 | 0 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4167290-2 |0 (DE-627)104450150 |0 (DE-576)209907649 |a Leistungsmessung |2 gnd |
650 | 0 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4049396-9 |0 (DE-627)106187155 |0 (DE-576)209081880 |a Religion |2 gnd |
650 | 0 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4259885-0 |0 (DE-627)104644486 |0 (DE-576)210584726 |a Laizismus |2 gnd |
650 | 0 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4058167-6 |0 (DE-627)106148141 |0 (DE-576)209125225 |a Student |2 gnd |
650 | 0 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4053369-4 |0 (DE-627)106167367 |0 (DE-576)20910354X |a Schüler |2 gnd |
650 | 0 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4205115-0 |0 (DE-627)105138142 |0 (DE-576)21016669X |a Religionsausübung |2 gnd |
651 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4009937-4 |0 (DE-627)104289031 |0 (DE-576)208885382 |a China |2 gnd | |
773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Critical Asian studies |d Abingdon, Oxfordshire : Taylor & Francis Group, 2001 |g 54(2022), 3, Seite 441-469 |h Online-Ressource |w (DE-627)329557580 |w (DE-600)2047895-1 |w (DE-576)098134434 |x 1472-6033 |7 nnns |
773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:54 |g year:2022 |g number:3 |g pages:441-469 |
856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1080/14672715.2022.2099439 |x Resolving-System |z lizenzpflichtig |
935 | |a mteo | ||
936 | f | i | |0 (DE-627)1756134200 |a RI03.03 |b Volksrepublik China |k Asien (ohne westliches Asien) |k Ostasien |k Volksrepublik China |2 fivr |
936 | f | i | |0 (DE-627)1756136025 |a SG04 |b Erziehung/Bildung/Ausbildung |k Gesellschaft |k Erziehung/Bildung/Ausbildung |2 fivs |
936 | f | i | |0 (DE-627)1756136092 |a SG09 |b Religion/Religionsgemeinschaften |k Gesellschaft |k Religion/Religionsgemeinschaften |2 fivs |
938 | 1 | 0 | |0 (DE-627)1756162107 |0 (DE-615)6602201 |a Volksrepublik China |2 fivt |
938 | 1 | 0 | |0 (DE-627)105014729 |0 (DE-588)4220847-6 |a Fujian |2 gnd |2 fivt |
938 | 1 | 0 | |0 (DE-627)1756206252 |0 (DE-615)6609367 |a Religionspolitik |2 fivt |
938 | 1 | 0 | |0 (DE-627)1756144834 |0 (DE-615)6603022 |a Studenten/Schüler |2 fivt |
938 | 1 | 0 | |0 (DE-627)1756160902 |0 (DE-615)6602400 |a Religiöse Praxis |2 fivt |
938 | 1 | 0 | |0 (DE-627)1756163995 |0 (DE-615)6601937 |a Soziales Verhalten |2 fivt |
938 | 1 | 0 | |0 (DE-627)1756157634 |0 (DE-615)6604820 |a Leistungsmessung |2 fivt |
938 | 1 | 0 | |0 (DE-627)1756142769 |0 (DE-615)6603915 |a Religion |2 fivt |
938 | 1 | 0 | |0 (DE-627)1756192812 |0 (DE-615)6610249 |a Laizismus |2 fivt |
951 | |a AR | ||
ELC | |a 1 | ||
ITA | |a 1 |t 1 | ||
LOK | |0 000 xxxxxcx a22 zn 4500 | ||
LOK | |0 001 4426559936 | ||
LOK | |0 003 DE-627 | ||
LOK | |0 004 1816635626 | ||
LOK | |0 005 20231219173306 | ||
LOK | |0 008 231205||||||||||||||||ger||||||| | ||
LOK | |0 040 |a DE-Tue135 |c DE-627 |d DE-Tue135 | ||
LOK | |0 092 |o n | ||
LOK | |0 852 |a DE-Tue135 | ||
LOK | |0 852 1 |9 00 | ||
LOK | |0 935 |a fivi | ||
ORI | |a SA-MARC-ixtheoa001.raw | ||
REL | |a 1 | ||
STA | 0 | 0 | |a China,China,China,China,Southern China,Southwestern China,Southeastern China,Western China,College student,Students,Students in art,Students in literature,College students in literature,Laicism,Laicity,Performance measurement,Pupil,Pupil,Student,Schoolchild,Religion,Religion in literature,Religions,Religion,Religious policy,Church policy,Religious practice,Exercise of religion,Social behavior,Social behavior,Social behavior in animals |
STB | 0 | 0 | |a Comportement social,Comportement social,Comportement social des animaux,Laïcisme,Mesure de performance,Politique religieuse,Pratique religieuse,Religion,Religions,Religion,Élève <masc., motif>,Élève <masc.>,Écolier,Écolier,Écolier (motif),Écolier,Étudiant |
STC | 0 | 0 | |a Alumno,Alumno,Estudiante,Estudiante,Estudiante (Motivo),Estudiante,Comportamiento social,Comportamiento social,Estudiante universitario,Laicismo,Medición del rendimiento,Política religiosa,Práctica religiosa,Religión,Religión,Religión |
STD | 0 | 0 | |a Comportamento sociale,Comportamento sociale,Laicismo,Misurazione della performance,Misurazione del rendimento,Misurazione del rendimento,Politiche religiose,Pratica religiosa,Religione,Religione,Religione,Studente <scuola, motivo>,Studente <scuola>,Allievo,Alunno,Allievo,Alunno,Allievo (motivo),Alunno (motivo),Allievo,Alunno,Studente universitario |
STE | 0 | 0 | |a 大学生,学生,学生,宗教,宗教,宗教实践,宗教政策,社会行为,社会行为,社会性行为,社会性行为,表现测定,能力测定 |
STF | 0 | 0 | |a 大學生,學生,學生,宗教,宗教,宗教實踐,宗教政策,政权还俗主义,社會行為,社會行為,社會性行為,社會性行為,表現測定,能力測定 |
STG | 0 | 0 | |a Aluno,Aluno,Estudante,Estudante,Estudante (Motivo),Estudante,Comportamento social,Comportamento social,Estudante universitário,Laicismo,Medição do desempenho,Política religiosa,Prática religiosa,Religião,Religião |
STH | 0 | 0 | |a Измерение производительности,Лаицизм,Религиозная политика,Религиозная практика,Религия,Религия (мотив),Социальное поведение (мотив),Социальное поведение,Студент,Школьник (мотив),Школьник |
STI | 0 | 0 | |a Άσκηση των θρησκευτικών καθηκόντων,Θρησκεία,Θρησκεία (μοτίβο),Θρησκευτική πολιτική,Κοινωνική συμπεριφορά (μοτίβο),Κοινωνική συμπεριφορά,Λαϊκισμός,Μέτρηση επιδόσεων,Μέτρηση απόδοσης,Μαθητής (μοτίβο),Μαθητής,Φοιτητής |
SUB | |a REL | ||
SYE | 0 | 0 | |a Soziale Verhaltensweisen,Soziales Verhalten , Leistungsermittlung,Leistungserfassung,Performance Measurement,Leistung,Leistungsanalyse , Religion,Mystik,Mythologie , Studierender,Studenten , Schuljugend , Religiöse Betätigung,Religiöse Praxis |
SYF | 0 | 0 | |a China,Festlandchina,Greater China,Mainland China,Volksrepublik China , Rotchina,Zhongguo,Zhongguo-Diguo,Kaiserreich Zhongguo,Zhongguo,Chung-kuo,Zhonghua-minguo,Chung-hua-min-kuo,China,Zhonghua-Renmin-Gongheguo,Kaiserreich China,China,PRC,Zhongguo,Shinkoku,Chung-hua-jen-min-kung-ho-kuo,Zhonghua,China,Volksrepublik China,Zhongguo,VR China,China,People's Republic of China,Zhong guo,PRC,Zhonghua renmin gongheguo,République populaire de Chine,Chung-kuo kuo min cheng fu,China,Chine,KNR,Zhongguo,Chinese People's Republic,Kytajsʹkaja Narodnaja Respublika,Chinese People’s Republic,Republic of China,Chung-hua min kuo,Chung-kuo |