THE PRIVATIZATION OF GREEK SPECIALTIES IN THE HELLENISTIC WORLD: DRAMA, ATHLETICS, CITIZENSHIP
Three enterprises of classical Hellas, unparalleled elsewhere, left their buildings, names and symbolism around the Mediterranean: drama, athletics, citizenship. But the replacement of the independent Polis by new empires reassigns the buildings. Theatre and amphitheatre house note plays but new spe...
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Format: | Electronic Article |
Language: | English |
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Peeters
2005
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Revue biblique
Year: 2005, Volume: 112, Issue: 4, Pages: 536-566 |
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520 | |a Three enterprises of classical Hellas, unparalleled elsewhere, left their buildings, names and symbolism around the Mediterranean: drama, athletics, citizenship. But the replacement of the independent Polis by new empires reassigns the buildings. Theatre and amphitheatre house note plays but new spectacles; the actor symbolizes one's "role" in life. Athletics loses civic functions; the athlete becomes a label for moral effort. Civic buildings exist for show; the true realm of citizenship becomes the cosmos. What is called the "Hellenization" of the Near East — and Rome too—should then more properly be seen as the privatizing of Greek institutions to serve the autonomous man under new empires. Trois créations du monde grec classique, sans parallèle, ont laissé leurs monuments, noms et symbolisme autour de la Méditerranée ; le théâtre, les jeux athlétiques, la citoyenneté. Toutefois, le remplacement de la Polis indépendante par de nouveaux empires changea l'affectation des monuments. Théâtres et amphithéâtres n'hébergent plus de vrais drames, mais des spectacles d'un nouveau type. L'acteur y représente le « rôle » de tout un chacun dans la vie courante. L'athlétisme perd son rôle civique ; l'athlète renvoie à l'effort moral. Les bâtiments publics sont là pour le décorum ; la vraie citoyenneté est au plan du cosmos. Ce qu'on appelle « l'hellénisation » du Proche-Orient – et de Rome aussi — devrait être plus exactement vue comme la privatisation des institutions grecques, au service de l'homme autonome, sous les nouveaux empires. | ||
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