Ideology and Hegemonic Party Rule in South Africa, Hungary, and Turkey
In recent years, there has been an increasingly prevalent trend observed in emerging democracies in which popular parties rise to a position of dominance and engage in actions that seriously threaten democracy and democratic consolidation. I ask, why do some dominant parties veer into authoritariani...
| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | English |
| Check availability: | HBZ Gateway |
| Journals Online & Print: | Drawer...
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| Fernleihe: | Fernleihe für die Fachinformationsdienste |
| Published: |
Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
2016
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| In: |
Politics, religion & ideology
Year: 2016, Volume: 17, Issue: 4, Pages: 370-391 |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) |
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| 520 | |a In recent years, there has been an increasingly prevalent trend observed in emerging democracies in which popular parties rise to a position of dominance and engage in actions that seriously threaten democracy and democratic consolidation. I ask, why do some dominant parties veer into authoritarianism and undemocratic rule while others do not? I theorize that in societies where dominant parties veer into authoritarian practices (which we call hegemonic party system) rests on the fact that there are deep, long-standing, and seemingly irreconcilable social cleavages around race, religion, or the economy. Using the cases of ANC (African National Congress) in South Africa, Fidesz in Hungary, and AKP (Justice and Development Party) in Turkey, I find that only in countries in which a particular party or viewpoint has been institutionally marginalized will hegemonic party rule become more likely. This is in contrast to parties such as Japan’s LDP (Liberal Democratic Party) which did not become hegemonic, for it had no ideological rival to pit itself against. My analysis goes beyond the argument about a lack of experience with democratic contestation as the cause of the rise of hegemonic parties, offering a generalizable framework demonstrating the factors that facilitate the process of authoritarian slip. | ||
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