Hope, Optimism, Pessimism, and Spirituality as Predictors of Well-Being Controlling for Personality
Social cognitive theory and, more recently, the positive psychology movement, have emphasized the function of hope and optimism as cognitive expectancy variables in predicting happiness, or subjective well-being (SWB), in addition to their traditional association with reduced emotional distress. Res...
| Authors: | ; |
|---|---|
| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | English |
| Check availability: | HBZ Gateway |
| Fernleihe: | Fernleihe für die Fachinformationsdienste |
| Published: |
Brill
2006
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| In: |
Research in the social scientific study of religion
Year: 2006, Volume: 16, Pages: 161-183 |
| Further subjects: | B
Social sciences
B Religion & Gesellschaft |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) |
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| 520 | |a Social cognitive theory and, more recently, the positive psychology movement, have emphasized the function of hope and optimism as cognitive expectancy variables in predicting happiness, or subjective well-being (SWB), in addition to their traditional association with reduced emotional distress. Research in spirituality has demonstrated similar relationships with SWB. No study to date, however, has examined the relative contribution of each of these variables to SWB, and controlled for the possible mediating effects of personality. The sample consisted of 255 adults (54% female), with a mean age of 43. Participants completed measures of the five factors of personality, state hope, dispositional optimism, and spirituality, along with cognitive and affective dimensions of subjective well-being. Hope predicted all three dimensions of subjective well-being over and above personality, bipolar optimism, and spirituality. Pessimism predicted negative affect while both optimism and spirituality predicted positive affect when controlling for age, gender, personality, and the other study variables. Each variable warrants continued attention as qualities that augment personal well-being. | ||
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