Religion, Spirituality and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Matched Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis

Although the association between religion/spirituality (R/S) and psychological outcomes is well established, current understanding of the association with cardiovascular disease remains limited. We sought to investigate the association between Islamic R/S and coronary heart disease (CHD), and place...

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Authors: Hemmati, Rohoullah (Author) ; Koenig, Harold G. 1951- (Author) ; Al Zaben, Fatten (Author) ; Berenji, Somayeh (Author) ; Bidel, Zeinab (Author) ; Erami, Elahe (Author) ; Ghanbarizadeh, Saeed Reza (Author) ; Nazarzadeh, Milad (Author) ; Sabour, Siamak (Author) ; Sanjari Moghaddam, Ali (Author) ; Seghatoleslam, Tahereh (Author) ; Teymoori, Farshad (Author) ; Valadi, Maryam (Author)
Format: Electronic Article
Language:English
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Published: Springer Science + Business Media B. V. [2019]
In: Journal of religion and health
Year: 2019, Volume: 58, Issue: 4, Pages: 1203-1216
Further subjects:B Spirituality
B Religion
B systematic review
B Coronary artery disease
B Meta-analysis
Online Access: Volltext (Resolving-System)
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Summary:Although the association between religion/spirituality (R/S) and psychological outcomes is well established, current understanding of the association with cardiovascular disease remains limited. We sought to investigate the association between Islamic R/S and coronary heart disease (CHD), and place these findings in light of a meta-analysis. In this case-control study, 190 cases with non-fatal CHD were identified and individually matched with 383 hospital-based controls. R/S was measured by self-administered 102 items questionnaire. A tabular meta-analysis was performed of observational studies on R/S (high level versus low level) and CHD. In addition, a dose-response meta-analysis was conducted using generalized least-squares regression. Participants in the top quartile had decreased odds of CHD comparing to participants in the lowest quartile of religious belief (OR 0.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06-0.59), religious commitment (OR 0.36, CI 95% 0.13-0.99), religious emotions (OR 0.39, CI 95% 0.18-0.87), and total R/S score (OR 0.30, CI 95% 0.13-0.67). The meta-analysis study showed a significant relative risk of 0.88 (CI 95% 0.77-1.00) comparing individuals in high level versus low level of R/S. In dose-response meta-analysis, comparing people with no religious services attendance, the relative risks of CHD were 0.77 (CI 95% 0.65-0.91) for one times attendance and 0.27 (CI 95% 0.11-0.65) for five times attendance per month. R/S was associated with a significantly decreased risk of CHD. The possible causal nature of the observed associations warrants randomized clinical trial with large sample size.
ISSN:1573-6571
Contains:Enthalten in: Journal of religion and health
Persistent identifiers:DOI: 10.1007/s10943-018-0722-z