Shamanismes substrukturer i Kalevala
Forskningen tager ofte for givet, at det finske national-epos, Kalevala, og dets folkloristiske baggrund er af shamanistisk natur. Denne identifikation hviler normalt på en implicit eller ikke-eksisterende definition af begrebet ‘shamanisme’. Artiklen her vil følge Lazlo Vajdas definition og forstå...
| Published in: | Religionsvidenskabeligt tidsskrift |
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| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | Danish |
| Check availability: | HBZ Gateway |
| Journals Online & Print: | Drawer...
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| Fernleihe: | Fernleihe für die Fachinformationsdienste |
| Published: |
Univ.
[2005]
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| In: |
Religionsvidenskabeligt tidsskrift
Year: 2005, Volume: 47, Pages: 53-70 |
| Further subjects: | B
Kalevala
B Shamanisme B Finsk mytologi |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (doi) Volltext (kostenfrei) |
| Summary: | Forskningen tager ofte for givet, at det finske national-epos, Kalevala, og dets folkloristiske baggrund er af shamanistisk natur. Denne identifikation hviler normalt på en implicit eller ikke-eksisterende definition af begrebet ‘shamanisme’. Artiklen her vil følge Lazlo Vajdas definition og forstå shamanisme som en kompleks struktur, der omfatter otte substrukturer: ekstase, zoomorfe hjælpeånder, ikke-zoomorfe skytsånder, initiation, sjælerejse, en særlig kosmologi, kamp mellem shamaner og diverse udrustning. Alle disse substrukturer findes i Kalevalamaterialet. Imidlertid har shamanisme i egentlig forstand også en bestemt social kontekst, som knytter substrukturerne sammen til en helhed, og denne kontekst kan ikke klart identificeres i Kalevala-materialet. Kalevala og dets folkloristiske kilder kan derfor ikke bestemmes som shamanisme i egentlig forstand. Most studies take for granted that the Finnish national epic, Kalevala, and the folkloristic material from which it was compiled by Elias Lönnrot, is of shamanistic nature and origin concerning its mythological and phenomenological components. Such identification most often rests on an implicit or non-existing definition of the concept of shamanism. This essay will follow the definition offered by Lazlo Vajda stating that shamanism is a complex structure consisting of eight sub-structures (ecstasy, zoomorphic helping spirits, non-zoomorphic tutelary spirits, initiation, soul-journey, a specific cosmology, shamanic duels and certain paraphernalia). The search for these sub-structures in the kalevaic literature is the man focus of this essay, and they can all be found in the given material. However, researchers such as Siikala and Hultkrantz have shown that shamanism as such has a clear social background and context and that this context cannot be identified clearly in the kalevaic material – a context which is necessary as the uniting and unique element which binds the substructures together. The nature of Kalevala and its folkloristic sources can thus be identified as shamanism in the proper sense. |
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| ISSN: | 1904-8181 |
| Contains: | Enthalten in: Religionsvidenskabeligt tidsskrift
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| Persistent identifiers: | DOI: 10.7146/rt.v0i47.1764 |