| Summary: | The significance of the German so-called "Schulphilosophie" of the 17th and 18th century is being increasingly acknowledged. The Benedictine University of Salzburg is regarded as a typical Catholic centre for education in the Counter-Reformation, which, however, represented within its strict Thomistic teaching a specific and unique type. Whereas in the early years there was still the influence of the Averroistic biased Italian Old-Aristotelism, after a few decades, under the influence of the Italian School of the Dominicans and of the Spanish Thomism of both the Benedictines and the Carmelites, the change from a Thomistic peripatetism to a peripatetic Thomism became generally accepted. The latter showed to a great extent genuine Thomistic characteristics which, however, resulted not so much from its own original and creative thinking, but from a negative and apologetic distance against other schools, particularly those of Nominalism, Scotism, and the contemporary philosophy of the Jesuits. A major emphasis was placed on the ontic-metaphysical point of view and its foundation of reality, although metaphysics as a subject on its own was hardly given any scope. A specific focus was put on the ontological structure of the so-called concursus divinus, in which both the difference and the rivalry to the Jesuits can be seen most clearly.
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