The West Semitic Alphabet in the Early Iron Age: A New Hypothesis

In the hypothesis presented by the authors, stratified, nonmonumental inscriptions and their radiometric datings take center stage for the first time. It is in the living script of these texts rather than in the artificial alphabet of monuments that the evolution of the alphabet in Iron IIA can be s...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Zas, Binyamin 1948- (Author) ; Finḳelshṭayn, Yiśraʾel 1949- (Author)
Format: Electronic Article
Language:English
Check availability: HBZ Gateway
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Fernleihe:Fernleihe für die Fachinformationsdienste
Published: University of Chicago Press 2023
In: Near Eastern archaeology
Year: 2023, Volume: 86, Issue: 1, Pages: 28-45
Standardized Subjects / Keyword chains:B Writing system / Alphabet / Inscription / Geschichte 900 v. Chr. / Israel (Antiquity) / Samaria (City) / Semitic writings
RelBib Classification:BH Judaism
HB Old Testament
Further subjects:B Tirza
Online Access: Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)

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520 |a In the hypothesis presented by the authors, stratified, nonmonumental inscriptions and their radiometric datings take center stage for the first time. It is in the living script of these texts rather than in the artificial alphabet of monuments that the evolution of the alphabet in Iron IIA can be studied properly. A key take-home lesson of the work is the significant ninth-century transformations of the alphabet from precursive Proto-Canaanite to supraregional cursive, thence to the well-known regional variants. Under the Omrides, the alphabet in Israel is attested minimally. No Omride texts were recognized at Samaria, nor Baashide texts at Tirzah. The newly founded West Semitic kingdoms since ca. 900 BCE will have constituted the cradle of the cursive, while papyrus or parchment and ink were the cursive’s likeliest vehicle. Alphabetic inscriptions on monuments, including Byblos, all cursive-inspired, will only have emerged in the last third of the ninth century. 
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